Oct 04, 18 · Mitochondria are descended from bacteria that invaded cells 15 billion years ago and never left The mitochondrial genome is like that of bacteria circular doublestranded DNA, only smaller And just like the genome of bacteria, RNA can be made from both strands of mitochondrial DNA – which results in the formation of dsRNARotaviruses are doublestranded RNA viruses constituting a genus within the family Reoviridae The mature virus particles are triple layered, approximately 70 nm in diameter, and possess icosahedral symmetry The rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of doublestranded RNA, which code for 6 structural viral proteins and 6 nonstructural proteinsMar 17, 11 · We sequenced a 173nucleotide fragment of the small doublestranded viruslike RNA of Cryptosporidium parvum isolates from 23 calves and 38 humans Sequence diversity was detected at 17 sites Isolates from the same outbreak had identical doublestranded RNA sequences, suggesting that this technique may be useful for tracking Cryptosporidium infection
Frontiers Double Stranded Rna In Human Seminal Plasma Genetics
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How to make double stranded rna-StahlHennig et al, 09)Nov 01, 16 · Doublestranded RNA viruses were detected in a strain of Blastomyces dermatitidis isolated from a patient in Uganda The viral particles are spherical (mostly 44 to 50 nm in diameter) and consist of about 25% doublestranded RNA (5 kb) and 75% protein (90 kDa) The virus contains transcriptional RNA
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Feb 02, · DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose is that ribose has one more OH group than deoxyribose, which has H attached to the second (2') carbon in the ring DNA is a doublestranded molecule, while RNA is a singlestranded moleculeJun 03, 13 · Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) or its synthetic analogue (Poly IC) significantly decreased the electric resistance and increased the permeability of the confluent human pulmonary artery endothelial (hPAEC) monolayer as shown on Figure 1Human cells contain natural doublestranded RNAs with potential regulatory functions Recent evidence has suggested the existence of senseantisense transcription in mammals, but the existence of doublestranded RNAs endowed with biological function has remained elusive
Nov 26, · We identified Semliki Forest virus (SFV), a positivestrand RNA virus, as a potent activator of human, but not murine NLRP1 SFV replication and the associated formation of doublestranded (ds) RNA was required to engage the NLRP1 inflammasome Moreover, delivery of long dsRNA was sufficient to trigger activationNov 07, 11 · Synthetic doublestranded RNA, polyinosinicpolycytidylic acid (poly IC), and its more RNaseresistant analogue stabilized with polyLlysine (poly ICLC) and available for investigation in humans, are superior vaccine adjuvants in mice and in nonhuman primates (Longhi et al, 09;RNA, DoubleStranded Subject Areas on Research 5'3'UTR interactions regulate p53 mRNA translation and provide a target for modulating p53 induction after DNA damage
Jan 23, 18 · 1 Front Immunol 18 Jan 23;927 doi 1033/fimmu eCollection 18 DoubleStranded RNA Derived from Lactic Acid Bacteria Augments Th1 Immunity via Interferonβ from Human Dendritic CellsRotaviruses are double stranded RNA viruses comprising a genus within the family Reoviridae The mature virus particles are triple layered, approximately 70 nm in diameter, and possess icosahedral symmetry The rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of doublestranded RNA that code for 6 structural viral proteins and 6 nonstructural proteinsThe doublestranded (ds)RNA viruses represent a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range (humans, animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria), genome segment number (one to twelve), and virion organization (Triangulation number, capsid layers, spikes, turrets, etc)
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Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as AtoI RNA editingSummary Staufen is a member of the family of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)binding proteins involved in the transport and/or localization of mRNAs toJan 29, 21 · We identified Semliki Forest virus (SFV), a positivestrand RNA virus, as a potent activator of human but not murine NLRP1B SFV replication and the associated formation of doublestranded (ds) RNA was required to engage the NLRP1 inflammasome Moreover, delivery of long dsRNA was sufficient to trigger activation
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Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) sensors including TLR3, MDA5 and RIGI are expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and play an important immunological role by enhancing various innate and adaptive immune responsesRotaviruses are double stranded RNA viruses comprising a genus within the family Reoviridae The mature virus particles are triple layered, approximately 70 nm in diameter, and possess icosahedral symmetry The rotavirus genome consists of 11 segments of doublestranded RNA that code for 6 structural viral proteins and 6 nonstructural proteinsCatalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as AtoI RNA editing This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins;
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How RNAi Works The term RNA interference (RNAi) was coined to describe a cellular mechanism that use the gene's own DNA sequence of gene to turn it off, a process that researchers call silencingIn a wide variety of organisms, including animals, plants, and fungi, RNAi is triggered by doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) During RNAi, long dsRNA is cut or "diced" into small fragmentsMitochondrial doublestranded RNA triggers antiviral signalling in humans Ashish Dhir 1 *, Somdutta Dhir 1,12 , Lukasz S Borowski 2,3,12 , Laura Jimenez 4 , Michael teitell 4 , Agnès r ötig 5 , Yanick J Crow 5,6,7 ,We identified Semliki Forest virus (SFV), a positivestrand RNA virus, as a potent activator of human but not murine NLRP1B SFV replication and the associated formation of doublestranded (ds) RNA was required to engage the NLRP1 inflammasome Moreover, delivery of long dsRNA was sufficient to trigger activation
Frontiers Double Stranded Rna In Human Seminal Plasma Genetics
Extensive Editing Of Cellular And Viral Double Stranded Rna Structures Accounts For Innate Immunity Suppression And The Proviral Activity Of Adar1p150
Massimo Libonati, Salvatore Sorrentino, in Methods in Enzymology, 01 Introduction The term doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) refers to high molecular weight RNA in the "A" form, having the following properties (1) a base composition expected for an RNA duplex composed of two complementary, antiparallel strands stabilized by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions;Doublestranded RNAspecific editase B2 (EC 35 ) Alternative name(s) RNAdependent adenosine deaminase 3 RNAediting deaminase 2 RNAediting enzyme 2 Human chromosome 10 Human chromosome 10 entries, gene names and crossreferences to MIM;Oct 18, 17 · A likely candidate for the role of such molecules is double stranded RNA (dsRNA) dsRNA is involved in numerous biological processes and at least three different pathways can respond to dsRNA in mammals, including sequenceindependent interferon response, editing by adenosine deaminases, and sequencespecific RNA interference (RNAi) (Chalupnikova et al, 13)
Sars Cov 2 Induces Double Stranded Rna Mediated Innate Immune Responses In Respiratory Epithelial Derived Cells And Cardiomyocytes Pnas
Plos One Double Stranded Rna Attenuates The Barrier Function Of Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells
Jan 07, 19 · A ZDNA binding domain present in the human editing enzyme, doublestranded RNA adenosine deaminase Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94, 8421–8426 (1997)PremRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences;Sep 19, 16 · To determine the percentage of HCV RNA in human liver that was present in double‐stranded form prior to heating to 106°C, the quantity of free HCV RNA (measured in the standard RT reaction) was subtracted from the total HCV RNA (measured in the strand‐separated RT reaction), and this value was divided by the total RNA and multiplied by 100
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The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) TRS1 and IRS1 genes rescue replication of vaccinia virus (VV) that has a deletion of the doublestranded RNA binding protein gene L (VVDeltaL) Like L, these HCMV genes block the activation of key interferoninduced, doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)activated antiviral pathwaysDetection of doublestranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms We here discuss several families of dsRNAbinding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity These include RIGIlike receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, andDec 15, 14 · Human cells make doublestranded RNA that regulates essential biological functions, a research team in France announced Monday With RNAbased drug development booming in San Diego and elsewhere
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RNAi occurs naturally, through the production of nuclearencoded premicroRNA (premiRNA), and can be induced experimentally, using short segments of synthetic doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) The synthetic dsRNA employed is typically either a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or aMitochondria are descendants of endosymbiotic bacteria and retain essential prokaryotic features such as a compact circular genome Consequently, in mammals, mitochondrial DNA is subjected to bidirectional transcription that generates overlapping transcripts, which are capable of forming long doublestranded RNA structures 1,2RNAi is an RNAdependent gene silencing process that is controlled by the RNAinduced silencing complex (RISC) and is initiated by short doublestranded RNA molecules in a cell's cytoplasm, where they interact with the catalytic RISC component argonaute
Double Stranded Rna Is A Novel Molecular Target In Osteomyelitis Pathogenesis The American Journal Of Pathology
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Jan 29, 13 · The human sensor of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (hOAS1) polymerizes ATP into 2′,5′linked isoRNA (25A) involved in innate immunity, cell cycle, and differentiation We report the crystal structure of hOAS1 in complex with dsRNA and 2′deoxy ATP at 27 Å resolution, which reveals the mechanism of cytoplasmic dsRNA recognition andVaccinia virus is normally confined to cattle, but is conveyed to humans through vaccination, thereby, imparting immunity to the smallpox virus Creator CDC/Dr Fred Murphy/Sylvia Whitfield Specimen Condition Dead Specimen Doublestranded RNA Viruses Singlestranded Negative Sense RNA VirusesDec 14, · Like many other viruses, SARSCoV2 is an RNA virus This means that, unlike in humans and other mammals, the genetic material for SARSCoV2 is encoded in ribonucleic acid (RNA) The viral RNA is sneaky its features cause the protein synthesis machinery in humans to mistake it for RNA produced by our own DNA
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Nov 17, 15 · 1 Oncotarget 15 Nov 17;6(36) doi /oncotarget5508 Effects of interferons and doublestranded RNA on human prostate cancer cell apoptosisIn a double stranded RNA form, retroviruses infect a host cell with their genome, and then are reverse transcribed into double stranded DNA, with the DNA then integrated into the home cell genome When integrated into a host genome, a retrovirus is hard to detect and can lay dormant for prolonged periods, having no discernible effect on the hostRecently, human semen was shown to contain cellfree nucleic acids, such as DNA, long single stranded RNA, and small RNAsmiRNA and piRNA The RNAs have been suggested to have potential biological roles as communication molecules between cells and in the temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression in the male reproductive system
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Plos One Double Stranded Rna Attenuates The Barrier Function Of Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells
An RNA virus is a virus that has RNA as its genetic material This nucleic acid is usually singlestranded RNA but may be doublestranded RNA RNAdependent RNA replication is a special process reserved exclusively for RNA viruses but not cellulaOver the past decade our doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)antibodies have been used extensively to detect and characterise plant and animal viruses with dsRNA genomes or intermediates In addition, the antidsRNA antibodies can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect pathogens, including detection in paraffinembedded fixed tissue samples (RichardsonUnlike doublestranded DNA, RNA is a singlestranded molecule in many of its biological roles and consists of much shorter chains of nucleotides However, a single RNA molecule can, by complementary base pairing, form intrastrand double helixes, as in tRNA
Hepatitis C Virus Double Stranded Rna Is The Predominant Form In Human Liver And In Interferon Treated Cells Klepper 17 Hepatology Wiley Online Library
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The doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) structure of the hairpins in a primiRNA is recognized by a nuclear protein known as DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region 8 (DGCR8 or "Pasha" in invertebrates), named for its association with DiGeorge Syndrome DGCR8 associates with the enzyme Drosha, a protein that cuts RNA, to form the Microprocessor complexAdenoviruses are doublestranded DNA viruses that cause respiratory and eye infections in a number of mammalian species, incuding humans Although human adenovirus serotype 5 is the best characterized and used predominantly as a vector for gene transfer, vectors based on other serotypes as well as other species of adenoviruses are also beingJul 25, 18 · Mitochondria are descendants of endosymbiotic bacteria and retain essential prokaryotic features such as a compact circular genome Consequently, in mammals, mitochondrial DNA is subjected to
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The Essential Role Of Double Stranded Rna Dependent Antiviral Signaling In The Degradation Of Nonself Single Stranded Rna In Nonimmune Cells The Journal Of Immunology
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